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Why Adolescent Reproductive Health Important?
| Why Adolescent Reproductive Health Important? |
Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood to adulthood and have not reached the stage of relative social and mental maturity so that they have to face the pressures of social emotions and conflicting. There are so many life events that will occur that will determine not only the adult life but also quality of life for the next generation so that puts this as a critical period.
In the developing countries of this transition takes place very quickly. Even the age at first sexual intercourse was always younger than the ideal age to marry (Kiragu, 1995:10, quoted in Alexander, 1997).
Effect of global information (exposure to audio-visual media) that would lure more accessible to children and adolescents adapt-kebiaasaan unhealthy habits like smoking, drinking alcoholic beverages, abuse of illicit drugs and injections, a fight or brawl between teens (Iskandar, 1997) . In the end, cumulatively these habits will speed up the early age of sexually active, and deliver them to the habits of high-risk sexual behavior, because
most teenagers do not have accurate knowledge about sexuality and reproductive health and lack access to reproductive health information and services, including contraception.
Needs and types of reproductive health risks faced by adolescents have different characteristics than children or adults. This type of reproductive health risks that must be faced teens include pregnancy, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), to sexual violence, as well as the problem of limited access to information and health services. This risk is influenced by many interrelated factors
related, namely the demand for early marriage and sexual relations, access to education and employment, gender inequality, sexual violence and the influence of mass media and lifestyle.
Especially for young women, they lack basic information about the skills to negotiate sexual relations with a partner. They also have a smaller chance to get a formal education and employment which in turn will affect the ability of decision-making and empowering them to delay marriage and pregnancy and prevent unwanted pregnancies (FCI, 2000). Even the young women in rural areas, menstruation
The first will usually be followed by a marriage that puts them at risk for premature pregnancy and childbirth (Hanum, 1997:2-3).
Sometimes the originator of the behavior or unhealthy habits in teens it is due
disharmony father-mother relationship, the attitude of parents who deny the question children / adolescents on the functions / processes of reproduction and cause stimulus sexuality (libido), and frequency of child abuse (physical child abuse).
They tend to feel uncomfortable and unable to provide adequate information on reproductive organs and the reproductive process. Therefore, easily arise fear among parents and teachers, that education that touches the issue of reproductive organ development and function it actually encourages teens to have sex before marriage (Iskandar, 1997).
Condition of the school environment, the influence of friends, teachers' unpreparedness to provide reproductive health education, and state violence surrounding homes also have an effect (O'Keefe, 1997: 368-376).
Adolescents who had no fixed abode and do not get protection and parental affection, have more factors that contribute, such as: a sense of anxiety and fear that constant exposure to the threat of fellow teens streets, extortion, assault as well as other acts of violence, sexual abuse and rape (Kipke et al., 1997:360-367). The teens are at risk of exposure to unhealthy environmental influences, including drug abuse, drink
alcoholic, criminal acts, and prostitution (Iskandar, 1997).
Reproductive Health Services for Teens
Choices and decisions of a juvenile is dependent on the quality and quantity of information they have, as well as the availability of services and policies that are specific to them, both formal and informal (Pachauri, 1997).
As a first step of prevention, increased knowledge of adolescents on reproductive health must be supported with communication materials, information and education (IEC) are emphatic about the causes and consequences of sexual behavior, what to do and comes with information about the proposition that the service would help if pregnancy has occurred unwanted or infected with ISR / PMS. Until now, information about reproductive health messages disseminated by the vague and unfocused, especially when it leads to sexual behavior (Alexander, 1997).
In terms of health services, Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning in Indonesia is only designed for women who are married, not for teenagers. Health workers were not equipped with the skills to serve the reproductive health needs of adolescents (Iskandar, 1997).
The number of comprehensive reproductive health facilities for adolescents are limited. If anything, their use is relatively limited in adolescents with problems of unplanned pregnancy or childbirth. Concerns about confidentiality (privacy) or ability to pay, and the fact or perception of teenagers do not like the attitude shown by the health workers, further limit access to services even further, although the service was there. In addition, there are legal barriers associated with providing services and information to groups of adolescents (Outlook, 2000).
Because of his condition, adolescents are a priority target group of service privacy and confidentiality (Senderowitz, 1997a: 10). This is a complication, given the primary health care system in Indonesia is still not put these two things as a priority in efforts to improve the quality client service oriented.
Why Adolescent Reproductive Health Important?
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