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The education system in Cuba
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| The education system in Cuba |
Let us briefly compare our country with the condition of Cuba, an island nation in the Caribbean, South America. Cuba is economically poor country, because for 40 years embargoed by the United States. Such as Indonesia, the world map of social sciences, Cuba is classified as a developing country. But if we look at human quality index report issued by the United Nations (UN), the quality of human resources of Cuba, far beyond the quality of Indonesian human resources. Why so?
University for All
In a country famous for his cigar products, the literacy rate is very high population. 97 percent of the population over the age of 15 years can read and write. Of the composition, the number of men are literate reaches 97, 2 percent, while the women reached 96.9 percent. For comparison, before the revolution in 1959, illiteracy rates by 30 percent. Now the population is illiterate zero percent. Cuba is also a country with the largest and most successful teachers in the field of education. Composition in terms of teacher-pupil amount, for the primary school level of every 20 students are served by one teacher. For the high school level, one teacher to serve 15 students. This situation led to the relationship between teacher-student progress intensively.
Every teacher in Cuba is a graduate of the university and obtained a very intensive training and quality during the period of his career. Unique from the Cuban educational system, is a teacher-student relationship-looking old man managed collectively. The entire education staff (teaching and administrative staff) live near the school, so they know each other. With the students and their parents, teachers work together and jointly solve problems related to education and health. This method is the living embodiment of the values that are passed by Che Guevara, about class solidarity. With it, education is not only significant vertical, where the more educated people more chances to move the open class. But, it also means the horizontal, that education also aims to foster and develop solidarity between the members, respect for nature, environment and independence.
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| The education system in Cuba |
According to Juan Casassus, team members of the Latin American Laboratory for Evaluation and Quality of Education at UNESCO Santiago, Cuba achievements in higher education is the result of the strong commitment of the Cuba government that puts the education sector as a top priority for 40 years after the revolution. The Cuba government does mengganggarkan about 6.7 percent of GNP for this sector, two times larger than the entire state budget for education in Latin America.
With a budget of that, the Cuba government to free the entire cost of education, from primary school to university level. Education is also free of charge to schools that forge professional skills. "Everyone is educated there. Everyone has access to higher education. Most Cuba have a college degree," said Rose Caraway, one of U.S. college students who participated comparative study programs in Cuba, in 2005. This policy makes the people of Cuba as residents of the most educated and best trained in all Latin American countries. Currently there are about 700 thousand professionals working in Cuba.
However, the policy seems to eliminate the cost of education is inadequate. Since 2000, the Cuba government launched a program called "University for All." The goal of this program is to realize the dream of making Cuba as "a nation become a university."
Through this program all Cuba (young and old, men, women, married or single) have equal opportunities to pursue university education. How, in collaboration with the university Cubavision and Tele Rebelde, conduct educational programs on television. Keep in mind, the current Cuba television media to provide 394 hours of educational programs each week. This is about 63 percent of Cuba's total television airtime. In this partnership, the university provides a package of educational curricula and teaching staff are qualified and thinkers. For example, one agenda item was presented the history of philosophy, which was raised by Miguel Limia, a professor of philosophy of the institute of philosophy.
Thus, since the program was on-air on October 2, 2000, there are about 775 professors who came from the great universities in Cuba are actively involved in this program.
The results of the commitment and hard work of the Cuba government in developing the education sector is, appears from the results of comparative studies conducted by UNESCO, against students from 13 Latin American countries in mathematics and language. From the obtained results of the study, student achievement Cuba far above the achievements of students from other countries namely, about 350 points. Compare with Argentina, Chile, and Brazil whose value is close to 250 points.
Achievements in the Health Sector
One of the highest achievements of Cuba's educational development, evident in the field of health education. As stated Cliff Durand, professor emeritus of philosophy at Morgan State University, Baltimore, USA, currently the average mortality rate in Cuba is only 5.8 premature deaths a year to 1,000 births. This figure is the lowest in Latin America, even lower than that occurring in the United States.
The number of doctors per capita of Cuba far more than any other country in the world. Currently, there are about 130,000 medical professionals. 25 845 Cuba doctors working for humanitarian missions in 66 countries, 450 of whom work in Haiti, the poorest country in the Americas. Others are working in poor areas in Venezuela. When Hurricane Katrina disaster in New Orleans, some time ago, President Fidel Castro took the initiative to send 1500 doctors. However, this initiative was rejected by the U.S. government for reasons that are political.
Not only for the people of Cuba, now through the Latin American School of Medicine, the Cuba government provides scholarships for health education to hundreds of poor young people from all over Latin America, Africa, and even the United States. Interestingly, the Cuba medical teaching not only in the science and art of medicine but also the values of social service to humanity. As stated Castro, inaugurated in 1610 as a summer student in October 2005,
"Human capital (human capital) is much more valuable than the capital of capital (financial capital). Human capital includes not only knowledge, but also - and this is very basic - awareness, ethics, solidarity, a sense of true humanity, the spirit of sacrifice, heroism, and the ability to create something in the long run. "Coen Husain Pontoh"
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